Preoperative coagulation screening tests in pediatric patients: Clinical relevance and hemorrhagic outcomes of abnormal results.

PURPOSE: Coagulation screening tests in children are still frequently performed in many countries to evaluate bleeding risk. The aim of this study was to assess the management of unexpected prolongations of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombine time (PT) in children prior to elective surgery, and the perioperative hemorrhagic outcomes. METHODS: Children with prolonged APTT and/or PT who attended a preoperative anesthesia consultation from January 2013 to December 2018 were included. Patients were grouped according to whether they were referred to a Hematologist or were scheduled to undergo surgery without further investigation. The primary endpoint was to compare perioperative bleeding complications. RESULTS: 1835 children were screened for eligibility. 102 presented abnormal results (5.6%). Of them, 45% were referred to a Hematologist. Significant bleeding disorders were associated with a positive bleeding history, odds ratio of 51 (95% CI 4.8-538.5, P=.0011). No difference in perioperative hemorrhagic outcomes were found between the groups. An additional cost of 181 euros per patient and a preoperative median delay of 43 days was observed in patients referred to Hematology. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that hematology referral has limited value in asymptomatic children with a prolonged APTT and/or PT. Hemorrhagic complications were similar among patients referred and not referred to Hematology. A positive personal or family bleeding history can help identify patients with a higher bleeding risk, thus it should guide the need for coagulation testing and hematology referral. Further efforts should be made to standardize preoperative bleeding assessments tools in children.

Fluidoterapia de mantenimiento administrada en un hospital terciario: estudio de prevalencia / Maintenance fluid therapy in a tertiary hospital: a prevalence study

Objetivos. Evaluar el tipo de «fluidos/sueros» de mantenimiento administrados en nuestro hospital, y comparar como se ajustan a las recomendaciones actuales, tanto en volumen como en composición. Material y métodos. Estudio observacional y transversal. Se registró el volumen y tipo de fluidoterapia de mantenimiento que se pautaba durante 24h a pacientes ingresados en diferentes servicios del hospital. Se excluyeron aquellos en los que la administración de líquidos estuviese condicionada por un exceso o déficit de líquidos y electrólitos. Resultados. Se recogieron los datos de 198 pacientes, de los cuales 74 (37,4%) fueron excluidos por no cumplir los criterios de inclusión. El volumen medio administrado fue de 2.500cc/día. La dosis media de glucosa fue de 36g cada 24h (DE: 31,4). La combinación más frecuente incluyó suero salino fisiológico (SSF) con glucosado 5% (64,4% de los casos). La cantidad media de sodio administrada en 24h fue de 173mEq (DE: 74,8) y la de cloro de 168mEq (DE: 75), lo que supone superávit de +87,4mEq y +85mEq, respectivamente. En relación con el potasio, magnesio y calcio, el déficit fue de -50mEq, -22mEq y -21mEq día, respectivamente. La administración de sustancias buffer fue excepcional, siendo las más frecuentemente utilizadas el bicarbonato (2,29%), acetato (1,29%), lactato (1,15%) y gluconato (1,10%). Conclusión. El SSF es la solución más frecuentemente utilizada. En contraste con el exceso de sodio y cloro habitualmente pautado, la cantidad de otros iones, como potasio, magnesio, sustancias buffer y aporte calórico, es muy deficitaria (AU)

Objective. To assess the types of maintenance fluids used in our hospital, comparing their volume and composition to the standards recommended by the guidelines. Material and methods. Observational, cross-sectional study. Volume and type of fluid therapy administered during 24h to patients admitted to various hospital departments were recorded. Patients receiving fluid therapy because of water-electrolyte imbalance were excluded. Results. Out of 198 patients registered, 74 (37.4%) were excluded because they did not meet the criteria for inclusion. Mean administered volume was 2,500cc/day. Mean daily glucose dose was 36g per 24h (SD: 31.4). The most frequent combination included normal saline solution (NSS) and glucose 5% (64.4%). Mean daily dose of sodium and chlorine was, respectively, 173mEq (SD: 74.8) and 168mEq (SD: 75), representing a surplus daily dose of +87.4mEq and +85mEq. Potassium, magnesium and calcium daily deficit was, respectively, -50mEq, -22mEq and -21mEq per day. Buffer administration was exceptional, bicarbonate (2.29%), acetate (1.29%), lactate (1.15%) and gluconate (1.10%) being the buffering agents most frequently used. Conclusion. NNS is the most frequently used solution. In contrast to excess doses of sodium and chlorine, there is a great deficit of other ions, buffering agents and caloric intake in the fluid therapy regimens that are usually prescribed (AU)

Maintenance fluid therapy in a tertiary hospital: A prevalence study. / Fluidoterapia de mantenimiento administrada en un hospital terciario: estudio de prevalencia.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the types of maintenance fluids used in our hospital, comparing their volume and composition to the standards recommended by the guidelines. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational, cross-sectional study. Volume and type of fluid therapy administered during 24h to patients admitted to various hospital departments were recorded. Patients receiving fluid therapy because of water-electrolyte imbalance were excluded. RESULTS: Out of 198 patients registered, 74 (37.4%) were excluded because they did not meet the criteria for inclusion. Mean administered volume was 2,500cc/day. Mean daily glucose dose was 36g per 24h (SD: 31.4). The most frequent combination included normal saline solution (NSS) and glucose 5% (64.4%). Mean daily dose of sodium and chlorine was, respectively, 173mEq (SD: 74.8) and 168mEq (SD: 75), representing a surplus daily dose of +87.4mEq and +85mEq. Potassium, magnesium and calcium daily deficit was, respectively, -50mEq, -22mEq and -21mEq per day. Buffer administration was exceptional, bicarbonate (2.29%), acetate (1.29%), lactate (1.15%) and gluconate (1.10%) being the buffering agents most frequently used. CONCLUSION: NNS is the most frequently used solution. In contrast to excess doses of sodium and chlorine, there is a great deficit of other ions, buffering agents and caloric intake in the fluid therapy regimens that are usually prescribed.

Metabolismo de la fosfatidilcolina por la microbiota intestinal y riesgo cardiovascular / No disponible

No disponible